The emulator enforces the same limits as Google Cloud Workflows.
| Limit | Value | Error on exceed |
|---|
Assignments per assign step | 50 | ResourceLimitError |
Conditions per switch step | 50 | ResourceLimitError |
| Call stack depth (subworkflow nesting) | 20 | RecursionError |
| Steps per execution | 100,000 | ResourceLimitError |
| Expression length | 400 characters | Validation error |
| Limit | Value | Error on exceed |
|---|
Branches per parallel step | 10 | ResourceLimitError |
| Max concurrent branches/iterations | 20 | ResourceLimitError |
| Parallel nesting depth | 2 | ParallelNestingError |
Unhandled exceptions per execution (continueAll) | 100 | -- |
| Limit | Value |
|---|
| Workflow source code | 128 KB |
| Variable memory (all variables, arguments, events) | 512 KB |
| Maximum string length | 256 KB |
| HTTP response size | 2 MB |
| Execution argument size | 32 KB |
| Limit | Value |
|---|
| HTTP request timeout | 1800 seconds (30 minutes) |
| Execution duration | 1 year |
- Assignment/switch/branch limits: Deployment or validation error before execution starts
- Call stack depth:
RecursionError at runtime when depth 20 is exceeded
- Step count:
ResourceLimitError after 100,000 steps in a single execution
- Parallel nesting:
ParallelNestingError when nesting depth exceeds 2
- Memory/size limits:
ResourceLimitError when variable memory or result size exceeds the cap
- HTTP timeout:
TimeoutError when a request exceeds the configured timeout
- Assign unused variables to
null to free memory
- Only store essential portions of large API responses
- Use
list.concat() judiciously in parallel for loops (each call copies the list)
- Break large workflows into subworkflows for readability, but watch the call stack depth
- Use
concurrency_limit in parallel steps to control resource usage